![]() We hope that this review will inspire the design of novel stimuli-responsive membranes to promote sustainable development and make progress toward commercialization. This review offers critical insights for the membrane and broader materials science communities regarding the on-demand and dynamic control of membrane structures and properties. Smart applications for separations are also reviewed as well as a discussion of remaining challenges and future prospects in this exciting field. This review also focuses on strategies to prepare stimuli-responsive membranes, including blending, casting, polymerization, self-assembly, and electrospinning. Download scientific diagram Structure of PLP/DM20 and mutations associated with PelizaeusMerzbacher disease. Special attention is given to stimuli-responsive control of membrane pore structure (pore size and porosity/connectivity) and surface properties (wettability, surface topology, and surface charge), from the perspective of determining the appropriate membrane properties and microstructures. The membrane is known as a biological membrane and cell membrane, too. Thus, this encloses the chambers of the cell. The outer layer of the cell is called the plasma membrane, and it encloses rooms called organelles. A phospholipid is a lipid made of glycerol, two fatty acid tails, and a phosphate-linked head group. The most commonly utilized stimuli, including light, pH, temperature, ions, and electric and magnetic fields, are discussed in detail. A membrane is a thin layer that forms the outer layer of a living cell. The principal components of the plasma membrane are lipids (phospholipids and cholesterol), proteins, and carbohydrate groups that are attached to some of the lipids and proteins. This review summarizes and discusses important developments and achievements in stimuli-responsive membranes. ![]() Further conferring membranes with stimuli responsiveness can allow them to dynamically tune their pore structure and/or surface properties for efficient separation performance. Membranes have been extensively studied and applied in various fields owing to their high energy efficiency and small environmental impact.
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